The pattern across candidate countries
Allocation is rarely the binding constraint. Absorption is. The gap opens at municipal level, where the procedures have to be run.
Three functions decide the outcome
Procurement, financial control and project preparation. A city that is competent in all three converts allocations into contracts. A city that is weak in any one of them does not, whatever the national negotiation achieves.
Preparation is not the same as ambition
Strategies are plentiful. What is scarce is a shelf of prepared projects with feasibility completed, costs estimated and a route to procurement described.
ESCA Accession Cities
The programme addresses these three functions directly, alongside the sector work. Preparation is the product.